Table 3 Biophilic patterns framework
From: Activating biophilic design patterns as a sustainable landscape approach
Categories | Pattern | Experience | Objective | Examples | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nature in the space | Visual Connection with Nature | Stimulating & calming | Change the focus to provide relaxation | Natural | Simulated |
Animals | Green Wall | ||||
Non- Visual Connection with Nature | Recognizable & comforting | Engagement to reduce stress | Flowing water | Digital simulations of nature sounds | |
Non- Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli | Engaging & energizing | Catch attention to refresh mind | Breezes | Water reflections on a surface | |
Thermal & Airflow Variability | Alive & refreshing | Sense airflow and thermal variability | Shadow & shade | Cross ventilation | |
Presence Of Water | Stimulating & calming | Enhance the experience and prompts contemplation | Visual access to rainfall | Aquarium | |
Dynamic & Diffuse Light | Drama, intrigue & calmness | Hold attention & maintain circadian rhythm | Direct sunlight | Light distribution | |
Connection With Natural Systems | Nostalgic, thoughtful & relaxing | To increase awareness & management of the ecosystems | Geology | Exposure of water infrastructure | |
Nature analogues | Biomorphic Forms & Patterns | Interesting , comfortable & meditative | Connect with nature | Decor | Form/function |
Furniture details | Furniture form | ||||
Material Connection With Nature | Rich, warm & authentic | Explore the optimum natural materials | Natural colour palette, particularly greens | Footpaths, bridges | |
Complexity & Order | Engaging & information-rich | To create a visually nourishing environment | Plant selection variety and placement | Building skyline | |
Nature of the space | Prospect | Open, safe & controlled | Allowing visual survey to surrounding | Spatial attributes | Common features |
Focal lengths ≥ 6 m | Elevated planes | ||||
Refuge | Contemplative, embracing & protective | Contribute effortlessly reachable & protective surroundings | Modular refuge: Small protection | Spaces reserved for reflection/meditation | |
Mystery | Anticipation | Encourage exploration | Auditory stimulation from an imperceptible source | Scent | |
Risk/Peril | Thrilling with implied risk | To stimulate attention, curiosity, memory & problem-solving skills | Gravity | Transparent railing or floor plane | |