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Journal of Engineering and Applied Science

Table 5 Fundamental properties of BGC-MAB blends

From: Optimizing biochar-based geopolymer composites for enhanced water resistance in asphalt mixes: an experimental, microstructural, and multi-objective analysis

Fundamental properties

Type of asphalt binder blend

0% BGC

1%BGC

2%BGC

3%BGC

4%BGC

Specific gravity

1.022

1.031

1.039

1.046

1.052

Softening point (°C)

49.5

50.3

51.2

51.9

52.7

Ductility (cm)

114

100.7

91.03

80.23

69.95

Penetration (dmm)

87

81

76

73

69

Penetration index

0.106

0.110

0.161

0.224

0.265

Storage stability (°C)

0.21

0.89

1.47

1.95

2.01

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