Heritage impact assessment of Adi Ganga Kalighat, Kolkata, India, towards SDG 11.4 and 8.9 for urban heritage

Journal of Engineering and Applied Science

Table 2 Threats of Adi Ganga

Impact identification	Threats of Adi Ganga in the current scenario (potential sources of impacts)
Impact identification	Encroachment	Abandoned Ghats	Untreated Water	Sewage Channels
Material and Structural Elements		Increase pressure in other ghats		Damage to the brick masonry structure
				Causing cracks
				Mortars composed of mud and lime disintegrate
				Influence on the physical integrity
Decorative elements			Creating fissures	Enabling masonry, gypsum, and tiled installations to break
			Damage to ghats	Limestone and ceramic craft that has decayed and fallen
			Damage to ghats	Gypsum layer disintegration
Form and design	Loss of aesthetic value of the original design	Loss of historic fabric	Loss of historic fabric
Function and use	Influence on the originality of the shape and layout	Possible decrease of religious traditions in the Kalighat due to regional migration flows	Possible decrease of religious traditions in the Kalighat due to regional migration flows	Damage of Archaeological proof
Function and use	Drying up River			Damage of Archaeological proof
Setting	The alteration of commodity's environmental and land use type as is the location	A decline in living heritage		The alteration of commodity's environmental and land use type as is the location
Setting	Influence on the originality of the shape and layout	Effect on the essence of the form and layout