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Table 5 Component stiffness based on test data

From: Group combined failure in tension of extended hollo blind bolts using numerical finite element method

Pitch distances

(mm)

Ki

(KN/mm)

Kse

(KN/mm)

Kse/Ki

Kd

(KN/mm)

Kd/Ki

Ku

(KN/mm)

Ku/Ki

100

379

38.2

0.101

 − 8.35

 − 0.02

9.02

0.024

180

302.8

34.2

0.113

 − 2.89

 − 0.01

5.12

0.017

260

382.5

38.15

0.1

 − 8

 − 0.02

4.73

0.012

Mean

-

-

0.105

-

 − 0.017

-

0.018

Standard deviation

-

-

0.006

-

-

 

0.005