Table 2 Approaches to mitigate impact of EV on power quality
Impacts | Mitigation techniques | Description |
|---|---|---|
Impact on power losses | Coordinating EV charging/discharging and with distributed generators | Optimal coordinated operation and scheduling of EV charging in low voltage distribution line and to minimize power loss, EV charging demand can be synchronized with distributed and RE sources [75,76,77] |
Impact on voltage unbalance | Phase reconfiguration technique, voltage regulators, Management of EV charging and discharging | Optimization of EV and phase reconfiguration technique to mitigate voltage unbalance. Flywheels, super capacitors, battery storage systems (BES), capacitive energy storage system (CES) and super conducting magnetic storage system (SMES), DVR, DSTATCOM can be used to reduce voltage unbalance [78, 79] |
Impact on voltage fluctuations | Charging management, voltage regulators, active and reactive power control strategy | Transformer tap changes, capacitor bank can be used to reduce voltage fluctuations. Coordinating EV charging used in a control manner to regulate network voltage to reduce voltage fluctuations [78, 80, 81] |
Impact on harmonics | Filters, absorb or inject harmonic current | Shunt filter, series filter, resonance filter and hybrid filter, and harmonic analyzer can be used to mitigate harmonics distortion in distribution network. EVs can take part in harmonics and reactive power ancillary services |