Travelers’ attitude towards carpooling in Islamabad

Ayaz, Altaf; Waheed, Abdul; Saleem, Hamza; Abid, Malik Muneeb

doi:10.1186/s44147-021-00023-x

Journal of Engineering and Applied Science

Table 1 Coding and descriptions of the items in the questionnaire measured on a Likert scale

From: Travelers’ attitude towards carpooling in Islamabad

Construct	Coding	Variable description	Source
Motives for carpooling	M1	I will prefer carpooling service for short trips (within Islamabad).
	M2	I will prefer carpooling service for long trips (outside Islamabad).
	M3	I will prefer carpooling service shared with 1–2 persons.	[49]
	M4	I will prefer carpooling service shared with 3–4 persons.	[49]
	M5	I will prefer carpooling service if 25–50% cost reduction occurs.	[49]
	M6	I will prefer carpooling service if more than 50% cost reduction occurs.	[49]
	M7	I will prefer carpooling service with persons of opposite gender.	[50]
Socioeconomic and environmental benefits	B1	Carpooling can save my money for fueling.	[49]
	B2	Carpooling can save travel time if H.O.V lanes are provided.	[32]
	B3	Carpooling can reduce impacts on the environment.	[32]
	B4	Carpooling can reduce traffic congestion.	[51]
	B5	Carpooling can reduce energy consumption.	[49]
	B6	Carpooling can reduce stress for self-driving and keeping personal cars.
	B7	Carpooling can reduce maintenance costs of personal cars.	[52]
Intentions to shift to carpooling service	I will shift to carpooling service.
	I1	If carpooling costs are lower.
	I2	Because I feel safe with another person driving.	[52]
	I3	If H.O.V lanes are provided.	[49]
	I4	If preference is given to pooled vehicles in parking lots.	[32]
	I5	If I get free parking.	[49]
	I6	If carpooling service is more comfortable.	[51]
Constraints for carpooling	I will prefer to use my own car.
	C1	Because not knowing who my fellow passenger might be.	[49]
	C2	Because I do not want to depend on another person.	[28]
	C3	Because I do not want to give out my phone number to an unknown person.	[49]
	C4	Because of privacy.	[49]
	C5	Because carpooling can restrict my freedom.	[49]
Partner’s acquaintance	Aq1	Carpooling with one known man.	[28]
	Aq2	Carpooling with one known woman.	[28]
	Aq3	Carpooling with two known persons.	[28]
	Aq4	Carpooling with three known persons.	[28]
Stranger partners	S1	Carpooling with one unknown man.	[28]
	S2	Carpooling with one unknown woman.	[28]
	S3	Carpooling with two unknown persons.	[28]
	S4	Carpooling with three unknown persons.	[28]
	S5	Carpooling with one known and one unknown person.	[28]
	S6	Carpooling with one known and two unknown persons.	[28]

All these parameters are measured on a Likert scale from 1 to 5, i.e., 1, strongly disagree; 2, disagree; 3, neutral; 4, agree; 5, strongly agree

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