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Table 1 Numerical setup of CFD simulations

From: Experimental and numerical study of novel Coanda-based unmanned aerial vehicle

Solver settings

 Type

Pressure based

 Velocity formulation

Absolute

 Time

Steady

Models

 Energy equation

Disabled

 Turbulence model

k-ϵ realizable

 Near-wall treatment

Scalable wall functions

Materials

 Fluid

Air

 Density

1.225 kg/m3

 Viscosity

0.000017894 kg/m.s

Cell zone conditions

 Rotating domain

Frame motion

 Rotating axis direction

X-axis

Boundary conditions

 Inlet

Pressure inlet

 Outlet

Pressure outlet

 Propeller

Moving wall (rotation along x-axis)

 Domain walls

Walls

Solution settings

 Pressure-velocity coupling scheme

SIMPLE

 Gradient

Least-squares cell based

 Pressure

Second order

 Momentum

Second order

 Turbulent kinetic energy

Second-order upwind

 Turbulent dissipation rate

Second-order upwind

 Initialization

Standard initialization