Parameters | Formulae/methods | Units | References |
---|---|---|---|
Linear aspects | |||
Stream order (U) | Hierarchical rank | Dimensionless | [54] |
Stream length (Lu) | Lu = Lu1 + Lu2 + Lu3 ··· + Lun | Kilometer (km) | [17] |
Stream number (Nu) | Nu = Nu1 + Nu2 + Nu3 ··· + Nun | Dimensionless | [17] |
Stream length ratio (Rl) | Rl = Lu/Lu−1 | Dimensionless | [17] |
Bifurcation ratio (Rb) | Rb = Nu/Nu+1 | Dimensionless | [45] |
Mean bifurcation ratio (Rbm) | Average of bifurcation ratio of all orders | Dimensionless | [53] |
Mean stream length (Lsm) | Lsm= (Lu/Nu) | Kilometer | [17] |
Mean stream length ratio (Rlm) | Average of the steam length ratio of all orders | Dimensionless | [45] |
Stream frequency (Fs) | Fs = (∑Nu)/A | km−2 | [45] |
Drainage density (Dd) | Dd =(∑Lu)/A | km/km2 | [45] |
Drainage texture (Dt) | Dt =(∑Nu)/P | km−1 | [45] |
Length of overland flow (Lo) | Lo = (1/(2Dd)) | Kilometer | [45] |
RHO coefficient (ρ) | ρ = Rlm/Rbm | Dimensionless | [17] |
Drainage intensity (Di) | Di = Fs/Dd | km−1 | [13] |
Infiltration number (If) | If = Fs × Dd | km−3 | [13] |
Constant of channel maintenance (Ccm) | Ccm = 1/ Dd | km2/km | [45] |
Relief aspects | |||
Maximum elevation (H) | GIS analysis | Meter | |
Minimum elevation (h) | GIS analysis | Meter | |
Relief (Bh) | Bh = H–h | Kilometer | [52] |
Relief ratio (Rh) | Rh = Bh/Lb | Dimensionless | [45] |
Relative relief (Rhp) | Rhp = H × 100/P | Dimensionless | [27] |
Ruggedness number (Rn) | Rn = Bh × Dd | Dimensionless | [53] |
Areal/shape aspects | |||
Area of the watershed (A) | GIS analysis | Km2 | |
Perimeter of the watershed (P) | GIS analysis | Kilometer | |
Basin length (Lb) | Lb = 1.312 × A0.568 | Kilometer | [33] |
Circulatory ratio (Rc) | Rc = 4πA/P2; where π = 3.14 | Dimensionless | [30] |
Elongation ratio (Re) | Re = (2 (A/π)0.5)/(Lb) | Dimensionless | [45] |
Form factor (Ff) | Ff = (A/Lb2) | Dimensionless | [17] |
Lemniscate ratio (K) | K = (Lb2/4A) | Dimensionless | [8] |
Shape index (Sb) | Sb= 1/Ff | Dimensionless | [16] |
Compactness coefficient (Cc) | Cc = (P/2(πA)0.5) | Dimensionless | [17] |