Table 3 Brief summary of Mg-MO surface MMCs by FSP as available in the literature

AZ91- Al₂O₃

H-13

ShD-15 mm, PiD-5 mm, Pil-3 mm

circular and square

RS-900 and 1200 rpm TS- 40–80 mm/min Ratio of RS to TS(R/T)

1.Higher R/T ratio and increase in the number of passes results in fine and reduced grains. 2.Increase in hardness and wear resistance occurs by the addition of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃).

AZ91D- Al₂O₃

H-21

ShD-20 mm, PiD-4.5 mm, Pil-4.5 mm

Cylindrical

RS-500, 800, 1600, and 2000 rpm TS-20, 40, and & 80 mm/min

1. Addition of nano Al₂O₃ to magnesium matrix increases the hardness by more than 30% as compared to cast magnesium alloy. 2. Additon of Al₂O₃ to AZ91D increases the wear resistance.

AZ31- Al₂O₃

H-13

ShD-18 mm, PiD-6 mm, Pil-5.7 mm

Cylindrical

RS-800, 1000, and 1200 rpm TS-45 mm/min

Using of threaded pin profile and increase in rotational speed and number of FSP passes leads to better distribution of Al₂O₃ in AZ31 matrix.

AZ61- SiO₂

Steel

ShD-18mm, PiD-6 mm, Pil-6 mm

Cylindrical

RS-800 rpm TS-45 mm/min Number of passes

1. Four Pass FSP resulted in satisfactory distribution of SiO₂ particles in AZ61 matrix. 2. Refinement of grains up to 0.8 μm is achieved due to the addition of SiO₂ to AZ61 Mg- alloy

AZ91- SiO₂

H-13

PiD-6 mm, Pil-4 mm,

Cylindrical

RS-1200 rpm TS- 20, 40, & 63 mm/min

Increase in traverse speed results increase in hardness and tensile strength and decrease of grain size in nugget zone.

AZ31- ZrO₂

H-13

ShD-14 mm, PiD-6 mm, Pil-2 mm

Cylindrical

RS-1250 rpm TS-20 mm/min Number of FSP passes

1. Less agglomeration of ZrO₂ particles in the matrix was seen by increasing number of passses. 2. Increase in shear strain rate from 69s⁻¹to 88s⁻¹ after addition of ZrO₂ to magnesium matrix.

AZ31- ZrO₂

Steel

ShD-16 mm, PiD-4 mm, Pil-3.8 mm

Cylindrical

RS- 1500 rpm TS-50 mm/min

Improved micro-hardness, damping capacity and mechanical properties after addition of ZrO₂ particles to AZ31 Mg- matrix.