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Table 2 Comparison among cellular mMIMO, network MIMO, and CF-mMIMO (metric weighting in percentage)

From: Application of cell-free massive MIMO in 5G and beyond 5G wireless networks: a survey

Configuration

Cellular

Network

Cell-free

Ref.

Interference management

30%

50%

70%

[2, 46]

EE

70%

30%

85%

[78, 103]

Hardware efficiency

30%

50%

70%

[48, 112]

Channel hardening

85%

30%

50%

[62, 103]

Uniform coverage

30%

50%

70%

[103]

Macro-diversity

30%

50%

70%

[103, 113]

Number of antennas

85%

70%

85%

[103, 114]

Favorable propagation

85%

30%

50%

[103, 115]

SE

70%

50%

85%

[116, 117]